This is an organic document, and is being regularly updated. If your interpretation of a holiday isn't mentioned, please let me know. Marc Carlson Marc-Carlson@UTULSA.EDU Last updated 1998 ================================================================ For some traditions, these Holidays begin at Sundown the evening BEFORE the date given. 17 Mar St. Patricks Day. 18 Mar Sheelah's Day (Patrick's Wife or Mother) March 21-2 (Vernal Equinox; Ostara/Eostre; Ostarun; Mean Earrach; Lady Day) End of Winter, and the beginning of Summer, the "Season of the Sun's Ascendence". Rebirth of the God of Spring. Rebirth of Life as symbolized by Spring. Eostar-monath is the name given to the spring month of the Anglo-Saxon year, and is not Celtic. Eostre is generally believed to be the Saxon name for a maiden Spring Goddess. Ostara is pronounced "o-STAHR-uh." Eostre is pronounced "OHS-truh" or "EST-truh". This is the spring equinox. *Interpretations* * Day and night are equal as Spring begins to enliven the environment with new growth and more newborn animals. Many people feel "reborn" after the long nights and coldness of winter. * N.b. Historically, not a big Celtic holiday * In some ancient Middle eastern religions, this is the beginning of the New Year and the celebration of the Living God-King to the Goddess-Priestess. * The Venerable Bede (673?-735 CE), in his book De Ratione Temporum, appears to be the first person to assert that Pascha Sunday was named after a Germanic dawn goddess of fertility, called variously as Eostre, Eastre, Ostare, Ostara, Ostern, Ostarun, Ostera, Eostra, Eostre, Eostur, Eastra, Eastur, Austron and Ausos. Her festival was celebrated at the Vernal Equinox, during Eostur-monath. * Some modern believers have associated her with the Semitic goddesses Astarte and Ishtar. * Some feel that the rabbit was her ancient escort, and that the "Easter Bunny" and Easter Eggs are hold overs of her festivals. * According to modern pagan mythology the tutelary deity of this holiday. It is she, as herald of the sun, who announces the triumphal return of life to the earth. * Some people also attribute the naming of Estrus, a particularly feminine aspect of biology after her. Some reflect this by pointing out that Eostara is a lunar holiday, honoring a lunar Goddess, at the Vernal Full Moon. * She is celebrated with singing, rejoicing, processionals, flowers, the ringing of bells, lighting new fires at dawn for crop protection and healing, coloring and rolling eggs for fertility, baking and eating Hot Crossed buns (the "crosses" often symbolizing cattle's horns, or the crescent moon). * Witches in the Greek tradition celebrate the return from Hades of Demeter's daughter Persephone * The descent of the God or Goddess into the Underworld (Jesus/Demeter/Isis/Ishtar) to rescue the God of Rebirth. * Some in the Celtic tradition see in the blossoms the passing of Olwen, in whose footprints flowers bloom. The enigmatic egg, laid by the regenerating snake or the heavenly bird, is a powerful symbol of the emergence of life out of apparent death or absence of life. As well as the rescue of the May Queen, the Flower-Princess from the King of the Otherworld. * To some people this is a festival in honor of Oengus Og and the Goddess Dana. * Ritual noting the Arrival of the Bright One at the court of The Wounded King. 25 Mar "Lady Day"; the Feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary; "Old New Years". Beginning of new years festivities that last until 1 April.