Notes on Sumero-Babylonian pantheons Compiled by I. Marc Carlson Sumero-Babylonian Gods - Babylon ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Abzu (Babylon) The Abyss. The Sweet Waters of Chaos/ Creation. Adad (Babylon) Ishkur. Rain, Storms, Weather. (Semitic - Akkad?) Adonis (Babylon) "Lord" Title given to Tammuz Anshar (Babylon) Darkness and the night(?) Anu (Babylon) King of Gods. Sky God. "Sky or Heaven". Aya (Babylon) Goess of the Dawn, Bride of Shamash Belit-Illi (Babylon) Lilith. Goess of Sex? Dahak (Babylon) 3 headed dragon. Spirit of Death(?) (Source unknown) Derceto (Babylon) Fish God Druaga (Babylon) Ruler of the Devil World(?) (Source unknown) Ea (Babylon) "Ld. Earth." Water & Wisdom Ellil (Babylon) Storms, Air. "Lord Wind." Erishkigal (Babylon) "Queen of the Underworld" Death. Viewed by some as a demon. Girru (Babylon) Fire(?)(Source unknown) Ishtar (Babylon) Queen of Heaven. Great Mother. Fertility, Love, War. Kadi (Babylon) Naga Goess. Kishar (Babylon) Lahamu (Babylon) The Horizon? One of the first gods. Lahmu (Babylon) The Horizon? One of the first gods. Marduk (Babylon) Storms. God of the city of Babylon. Merodach (Babylon) Sun God Nabu (Babylon) God of speech and writing. Nedu (Babylon) Chief gatekeeper of the underworld. Nergal (Babylon) War & Plague. Consort to Erishkigal. Ningizzida (Babylon) "Lord of the Tree of Life." Serpent with a human head. Fertility god. Healing and Magic. Ninhursag (Babylon) Goess of the Earth. Consort of Ea. Wildlife & Fruitfullness. Nintur (Babylon) "Lady Birth" Birth Ninurta (Babylon) "Ld. Plough" Throne Carrier. Agriculture, War Pazuzu (Babylon) Title of Ziusudra of Dilmun. Ramman (Babylon) Storms and Thunder(?)(Source unknown) Samuqan (Babylon) God of Cattle Shamash (Babylon) Sun God (Semitic Shams) Siduri Sabitu (Babylon) Goess of brewing and vinting. Goess of the Wine of Eternal Life. Sin (Babylon) Moon God Tammuz (Babylon) Thammuz. "Faithful Son." God of Agriculture, Fertility, and Rebirth. Although reputed to be a demon, neither the Hebrew month nor the Sumero-Babylonian god that uses this name is demonic. Tiamat (Babylon) Goess of Chaos - Salt Waters of Creation. 1st Mother. Zababa (Babylon) Vulture headed god. Sumero-Babylonian Gods - Sumer ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allatu (Sumer) Allatou. Death, son of Erishkigal. An (Sumer) King of Gods. Sky God. "Sky or Heaven". Consort of Ki. Annunaki (Sumer) Anunna. Once Sky Gods, now fallen; the gods of the underworld, judges of the dead Apzu (Sumer) Waters of Chaos/Creation Ashan (Sumer) Grain Goess. Sister of Lahar. Azimua (Sumer) NinAzimua. A healing goess. Dummuzi (Sumer) "Faithful Son." "The Shepherd." Fertility. Rebirth. Enki (Sumer) "Lord Earth." Seas, Rivers, & Wisdom (Eridu) Enkimdu (Sumer) "The Farmer." Rival of Dummuzi for Inanna. Enlil (Sumer) "Lord Wind." Storms, Air. (Nippur) Enshag (Sumer - Dilmun) Erishkigal (Sumer) "Queen of the Underworld" Death. (Was Kore aspect of Ki, eventually subsumed Kur's position) Gugalanna (Sumer) "Bull of Heaven." Drought. Husband of Erishkigal. Inanna (Sumer) "Queen of Heaven" ((N)in-An-na.) Great Mother. Fertility, Love, Procreation. (Erech/Urik) Ishkur (Sumer) Rain, Storms, Weather. Kabta (Sumer) Brickmaking Ki (Sumer) [Gaea] Kur (Sumer - Old) "The Mountain." Grim god of the underworld and the dead. Lahar (Sumer) Cattle Goess. Sister of Ashan. Lillake (Sumer) Lilith. Goess of Sex? Mushdumma (Sumer) Building and construction. Nammu (Sumer) Goess of Chaos - Salt Waters of Creation. 1st Mother. Nanna (Sumer) Moon God, Father of Inanna. Nanshi (Sumer - Lagash) Goess of Morals. Nergal (Sumer) Meslamtaea. King of the Underworld. War & Plague. Neti (Sumer) Chief gate keeper of Underworld. Nidaba (Sumer) Goess of Writing and Literature. Ninazu (Sumer) One of the gods in the Underworld. Ningal (Sumer) Nanna's wife. Mother of Inanna. Ningirsu (Sumer) "Lord Plough." Son of Enlil. God of irrigation and fertility. Throne Carrier. Agriculture, War. (Lagash) Ninhursag (Sumer) "Queen of the Highlands." "Mother." Goess of the Earth. Consort of Enki. Wildlife & Fruitfulness. (Aspect of Ki) Ninisinna (Sumer) A weeping goess. (Isin) Ninkilim (Sumer) Field mice and vermin. Ninkurra (Sumer - Dilmun) Spawn of Enki. Ninlil (Sumer) "Lady Wind." Goess of Heaven, Earth and the Air. Wife of Enlil. Ninma (Sumer) "Noble Lady." (Aspect of Ki) Ninmu (Sumer - Dilmun) Spawn of Enki. Ninmug (Sumer - Dilmun) Spawn of Enki. Ninti (Sumer) "Lady of the rib, or Lady who makes live" A healing goess. Nintu (Sumer) "Lady Birth." Birth. (Aspect of Ki) Nintulla (Sumer) A healing goess. Ninurta (Sumer) Son of Enlil. South Wind. Nunbarshengunu (Sumer) Mother of Ninlil. Pasusu (Sumer) Title of Ziusudra of Dilmun. Sataran (Sumer) God who arbitrates complaints. Shulutu (Sumer - Lagash) Personal god of the rulers of Lagash. Sumugan (Sumer) God of steppe and its animals. Usaw (Sumer) God of twilight. Uttu (Sumer) Goess of weaving. Utu (Sumer) Sun God. (Larsa and Shippur) Sumero-Babylonian Gods - Akkad ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Akka (Sumer-Akkad) Crone. Water Bearer. Anu (Sumer-Akkad) King of Gods. Sky God. "Sky or Heaven". Sumero-Babylonian Gods - ? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Aruru (?) a goess of creation. Belit-Sheri (?) Scribe and recorder of the gods Endukugga (?) gods living under the world Ennugi (?) god of irrigation and inspector of canals Hanish (?) Divine herald of storms and bad weather Shullat (?) Divine herald of storms and bad weather (?) Seven Sages who brought civilization to seven oldest cities. Iggigi (?) Great Gods of Heaven Irkalla (?) Another name for Erishkigal Nammetun (?) Ancestral goess of destinies Nisaba (?) Goess of Grain Shulpar (?) God of feasting and feasts Silili (?) Horse goddess